Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, buttons,

Button-1122-Federal-official, ALL patterns Button-1122-Federal-official Federal official button. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. Tice-GS216 GS222 GS238 Albert-GS009 GS012 Details click: http://relicman.com/Button-1122-Federal-official-ALL-patterns.html

BB2372-### Button-1122-Federal-official Federal official button. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. 2part-small Tice-GS216 Backmark-z1-Superfin-Perfectionne-112 "SUPERFIN" / (dot) "PERFECTIONNE" (dot), used on 2part small buttons, French manufacture ca 1860s.

Button-1122-Federal-official Button-1122-Federal-official General Staff, Officer; three arrows in left talon, 24 stars; 2-piece with border (simulated staff). Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. Tice-GS216-00 Albert-GS009-00 No pic backmark Pattern group as described by Albert,

Button-1122-Federal-official Button-1122-Federal-official {GS-3L24S-2P or Albert's GS 9} General Staff; convex, two-piece with simulated staff border. The date of manufacture is not known, but the eagle style suggests an origin during the 1840s. It is not known if these extremely fine quality buttons were made for staff, or official/ diplomatic use. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. Tice-GS216-00 Albert-GS009-00 No pic backmark Tice description of pattern group.

Button-1122-Federal-official Button-1122-Federal-official The shield is spade-shaped, 21 mm. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. Tice-GS216-A00 No pic backmark Tice description of pattern group.

Button-1122-Federal-official Button-1122-Federal-official Federal official button. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. 2part-coat Tice-GS216-A01 Albert-GS009-A01 Backmark-z1-Superfin-Perfectionne-111 "SUPERFIN / V PERFECTIONNE G", dm. Made by Viette & Gourdin of Paris No pic Tice description

Button-1122-Federal-official Button-1122-Federal-official Federal official button. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. 2part-coat Tice-GS216-A01 Albert-GS009-A01 Backmark-z1-Superfin-Perfectionne-111 "Superfin / V Perfectionne .G" No pic Albert description

BB2167-### Button-1122-Federal-official Federal official button. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. 2part-coat Tice-GS216-A01 Albert-GS009-A01 Backmark-z1-Superfin-Perfectionne-111 "SUPERFIN" / ((dot)"V"(dot)) "PERFECTIONNE" ((dot)"G"(dot)), (letters "V" and "G" used as dividers are likely abbreviation of name of French maker, dm, letters are tall and narrow, used on 2part coat buttons, French manufacture ca 1860s.

Button-1122-Federal-official Button-1122-Federal-official Federal official button. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. 3part-coat Tice-GS216-A02 Albert-GS009-A00 Backmark-Cordier-Cie-Paris-001 "GARANTI. PLAQUE/. C PARIS D ." rmdc. Perhaps made by Cordier et Cie Dreyettes of Paris. No pic Tice description

Button-1122-Federal-official Button-1122-Federal-official Federal official button. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. 3part-coat Tice-GS216-A02 Albert-GS009-A00 Backmark-Cordier-Cie-Paris-001 "Garanti. Plaque / .C Paris D." rmdc. A spade shield without stars. No pic Albert description

Button-1122-Federal-official Button-1122-Federal-official General Staff, Officer; four arrows in right talon, 23 stars; staff. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. Tice-GS222-00 Albert-GS012-00 No pic backmark Pattern group as described by Albert,

Button-1122-Federal-official Button-1122-Federal-official {GS-4R23S-2P or Albert's GS 12} General Staff; convex, two-piece. The date of manufacture is unknown, but it probably was made after the Civil War. . The eagle holds four arrows with right talons: Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. Tice-GS222-00 Albert-GS012-00 No pic backmark Tice description of pattern group.

Button-1122-Federal-official Button-1122-Federal-official The Union-type shield has seven stars, 23 mm. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. Tice-GS222-A00 No pic backmark Tice description of pattern group.

Button-1122-Federal-official Button-1122-Federal-official Federal official button. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. 2part-coat Tice-GS222-A01 Albert-GS012-C00 Backmark-z5-no-text-584 Blank No pic Tice description

Button-1122-Federal-official Button-1122-Federal-official Federal official button. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. 2part-coat Tice-GS222-A01 Albert-GS012-C00 Backmark-z5-no-text-584 Blank; 23 mm. A Union shield with seven stars in chief; 2-piece, No pic Albert description

BB2256-### Button-1122-Federal-official Federal official button. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. 2part-coat Tice-GS222-A01 Backmark-z5-no-text-584 blank back (no text) inner ring broken by graphic for a bomb, dm used on 3part buttons, probably late 1800s or 1900s

Button-1122-Federal-official Button-1122-Federal-official Federal official button. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. 1part-coat Tice-GS238-A01 Backmark-Jennens-013 "JENNENS & CO LONDON", dm, inside two broken rings with three feathers at top. No pic Tice description

BB0531-### Button-1122-Federal-official Federal official button. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. 1part-coat Tice-GS238-A01 Backmark-Jennens-013 (graphic floral is at the top / "JENNENS & CO LONDON", dm. inside two broken rings, text runs counter clockwise, used on 1part coat button, manufacture is high quality and was likely intended for a government official., ca 1860s.

B9555-### Button-1122-Federal-official Federal official button. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. 1part-coat Tice-GS238-A01 Backmark-Jennens-013 (graphic floral is at the top / "JENNENS & CO LONDON", dm. inside two broken rings, text runs counter clockwise, used on 1part coat button, manufacture is high quality and was likely intended for a government official., ca 1860s.

BB2144-### Button-1122-Federal-official Federal official button. Button design is very similar to the staff buttons used by Federal officers but was likely intended for Federal officials, buttons in this category were made by Europeran manufacturers, are very high quality and may have been custom designed. Federal official symbolism, eagle with shield, arrows for war, olive branch for peace, surrounded by stars. 1part-coat Tice-GS238-A01 Backmark-Jennens-013 (graphic floral is at the top / "JENNENS & CO LONDON", dm. inside two broken rings, text runs counter clockwise, used on 1part coat button, manufacture is high quality and was likely intended for a government official., ca 1860s.

This is the "Ridgeway Civil War Research Center", a research tool for educational purposes only, and is provided at no cost to the reader. Some of the relics listed are retained in the author's collection, most reside in other collections and are not owned by the author. None of the items listed in this section are for sale, please refer to relicman.com sales listings for items offered for sale. This is a work in progress, I list items as I get to them, there are many patterns that are not listed yet, this list will be regularly updated as I get pictures and descriptions for more items. I will also correct mistakes, so if you see any please tell me. All items listed are believed to be authentic to the Civil War or as otherwise described. Any excavated relics have been recovered from private property with owners permission.This information is available for research purposes, pictures may be used by permission only.

Most information on this page is from:
Uniform Buttons of the United States 1776 - 1865, by Warren K.Tice.
Dating buttons; A Chronology of Button Types, Makers, Retailers & Their Backmarks, by Warren K. Tice.
Directory of American Military Goods Dealers & Makers, by Bruce S. Bazelon and William F. Guinn.
Record of American Uniform and Historical Buttons, Bicentennial Edition, by Alphaeus H. Albert.
Pictures are generally by the author, unless otherwise indicated.

Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, buttons, A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War. Buttons of the American Civil War. Presented are buttons, manufactured 1800 to 20th century, emphasis on military buttons and those from the American Civil War, 1861 to 1865. Research center, buttons, click: http://relicman.com/Button-0000.html Research center, buttons, click: http://relicman.com/Button-0000.html

Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, button backmarks, A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War. Button backmarks. Research center, button backmarks, click: http://relicman.com/Backmark-000.html Research center, button backmarks, click: http://relicman.com/Backmark-000.html

Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, All, A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War. Artifacts of the American Civil War. Presented are artifacts, manufactured 1800 to 20th century, emphasis on American Civil War, 1861 to 1865. Research Center, All, click: http://relicman.com/Research-Center-000.html Research Center, All, click: http://relicman.com/Research-Center-000.html

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