Ridgeway Civil War Research Center A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War
	Civil War Buttons
	by Harry Ridgeway

Backmark-IndependentCadets000 ### Backmark-IndependentCadets000 . Independent Cadets, this name may have been applied in both Massachusetts and Vermont. Various backmarks bearing this name were produced, some were overstrikes by Robinson. In addition, Viette et Gourdin, France also produced buttons bearing a variation of this designation. Research Center: Backmark-IndependentCadets000 . Details click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-IndependentCadets000.html

Backmark-IndependentCadets100 ### Backmark-IndependentCadets100 . Backmark: INDEPENDENT CADETS, rm on a ribbon with laurel branches between ends, inner solid ring, flat one piece button, ca 1830's, overstruck over an earlier R&W Robinson mark. One part flat button, coat size, 22mm. Research Center: Backmark-IndependentCadets100 . Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 53. [Plate B-2, 9] Details click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-IndependentCadets100.html

Backmark-IndependentCadets200 ### Backmark-IndependentCadets200 . Backmark: I. C. C. / (star) V. G. (star) / (star) PERFECTIONNE (star). dm two rings of dots. This was manufactured by Viette et Gourdin , Paris France, 1840's for Independent Cadets, a Massachusetts military organization. Two part convex button, large coat size, 21mm to 23mm. Research Center: Backmark-IndependentCadets100 . Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 165. Details click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-IndependentCadets100.html

This is the "Ridgeway Civil War Research Center", a research tool for educational purposes only, and is provided at no cost to the reader. Some of the relics listed are retained in the author's collection, most reside in other collections and are not owned by the author. None of the items listed in this section are for sale, please refer to relicman.com sales listings for items offered for sale. This is a work in progress, I list items as I get to them, there are many patterns that are not listed yet, this list will be regularly updated as I get pictures and descriptions for more items. I will also correct mistakes, so if you see any please tell me. All items listed are believed to be authentic to the Civil War or as otherwise described. Any excavated relics have been recovered from private property with owners permission.This information is available for research purposes, pictures may be used by permission only.

Most information on this page is from:
Uniform Buttons of the United States 1776 - 1865, by Warren K.Tice.
Dating buttons; A Chronology of Button Types, Makers, Retailers & Their Backmarks, by Warren K. Tice.
Directory of American Military Goods Dealers & Makers, by Bruce S. Bazelon and William F. Guinn.
Record of American Uniform and Historical Buttons, Bicentennial Edition, by Alphaeus H. Albert.
Pictures are generally by the author, unless otherwise indicated.

Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War Buttons Research center, buttons, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Button0000-Index.html. Research center, buttons, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Button0000-Index.html.

Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War Button backmarks. Research center, button backmarks, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-000.html. Research center, button backmarks, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-000.html.

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