Ridgeway Civil War Research Center A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War
	Civil War Buttons
	by Harry Ridgeway

Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-000 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute. Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute, Lexington Kentucky. Research Center: Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-000 . Reference: Albert SU192, Tice KYS275. Reference: Albert SU193, Tice KYS280. Details click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-000.html

Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-1-KYS275-ExtraGilt100 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute. Backmark-ExtraGilt100 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute, Lexington Kentucky. Backmark: "EXTRA / (dot) (star) (dot) GILT (dot) (star) (dot)" rmdc mottled channel with poorly formed letters, backmark is similar to other Steele & Johnson marks but not proven to this maker. Two part convex button, coat size, 19mm to 21mm. Research Center: Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-1-KYS275-ExtraGilt100 . Reference: Albert SU192. Reference: Tice KYS275. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 87, (Steele & Johnson).

Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-1-KYS275-Horstmann211 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute. Backmark-Horstmann211 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute, Lexington Kentucky. Backmark: "W. H. HORSTMANN & SONS / (dot) PHI (dot)" rmdc on a stippled channel, ca. 1850's. Two part convex button, coat size, 19mm to 21mm. Research Center: Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-1-KYS275-Horstmann211 . Reference: Albert SU192. Reference: Tice KYS275. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 130, item 06. Plate B-16, 08.

Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-1-KYS275-Horstmann224 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute. Backmark-Horstmann224 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute, Lexington Kentucky. Backmark: "HORSTMANN & SONS / (dot) PHI (dot)" rmdc, ca. 1850's. Two part convex button, coat size, 19mm to 21mm. Research Center: Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-1-KYS275-Horstmann224 . Reference: Albert SU192. Reference: Tice KYS275. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 130.

Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-1-KYS275-Horstmann302 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute. Backmark-Horstmann302 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute, Lexington Kentucky. Backmark: "HORSTMANN. &. ALLIEN / (dot) NY (dot)" rmdc, ca. 1860. Two part convex button, coat size, 19mm to 21mm. Research Center: Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-1-KYS275-Horstmann302 . Reference: Albert SU192. Reference: Tice KYS275. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 131, item 11. Plate B-17, 02.

Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-1-KYS275-Horstmann331 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute. Backmark-Horstmann331 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute, Lexington Kentucky. Backmark: "HORSTMANN & ALLIEN / (dot) NY (dot)" dm between two solid rings, inner ring of rays, ca. 1860, ca. 1860. Note that the length of the inner rays may appear to vary, this may be a variation of the shank well and not die design. Two part convex button, coat size, 19mm to 21mm. Research Center: Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-1-KYS275-Horstmann331 . Reference: Albert SU192. Reference: Tice KYS275. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 131, item 10. Plate B-17, 07.

Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-1-KYS275-Horstmann418 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute. Backmark-Horstmann418 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute, Lexington Kentucky. Backmark: "HORSTMANN BRO &. ALLIEN / (dot) Y (dot)" rmdc, ca. 1850's. Two part convex button, coat size, 19mm to 21mm. Research Center: Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-1-KYS275-Horstmann418 . Reference: Albert SU192. Reference: Tice KYS275. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 131.

Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-2-KYS280-HassamFK110 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute. Backmark-HassamFK110 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute, Lexington Kentucky. Backmark: "F. K. HASSAM. / (dot) BOSTON (dot)" dm inner solid ring, manufactured 1850's. Three part officer button, hat or sleeve size, 14mm to 16mm. Research Center: Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-2-KYS280-HassamFK110 . Reference: Albert SU193. Reference: Tice KYS280. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 126.

Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-2-KYS280-Horstmann440 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute. Backmark-Horstmann440 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute, Lexington Kentucky. Backmark: "HORSTMAN (sic) BROS & ALLIEN. / (star) N. Y. (star)" dm between two rings of dots, ca. 1860's, transitional backmark, manufacture continued after the Civil War. Three part officer button, coat size, 22mm to 23mm. Research Center: Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-2-KYS280-Horstmann440 . Reference: Albert SU193. Reference: Tice KYS280. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 131, item 08. Plate B-17, 08.

Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-2-KYS280-Horstmann441 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute. Backmark-Horstmann441 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute, Lexington Kentucky. Backmark: "HORSTMAN (sic) BROS & ALLIEN. / N. Y. " dm between two rings of dots, ca. 1860. Three part officer button, coat size, 22mm to 23mm. Research Center: Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-2-KYS280-Horstmann441 . Reference: Albert SU193. Reference: Tice KYS280. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 131.

Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-2-KYS280-SmithWH201 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute. Backmark-SmithWH201 Kentucky school, Kentucky Military Institute, Lexington Kentucky. Backmark: "Wm. H. SMITH & Co / (dot) NEW - YORK (dot)" dm between one outer solid ring, and two inner rings, ca. 1840's to 1850's. Three part officer button, hat or sleeve size, 14mm to 16mm. Research Center: Button4321-Kentucky-KMI-2-KYS280-SmithWH201 . Reference: Albert SU193. Reference: Tice KYS280. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 141.

This is the "Ridgeway Civil War Research Center", a research tool for educational purposes only, and is provided at no cost to the reader. Some of the relics listed are retained in the author's collection, most reside in other collections and are not owned by the author. None of the items listed in this section are for sale, please refer to relicman.com sales listings for items offered for sale. This is a work in progress, I list items as I get to them, there are many patterns that are not listed yet, this list will be regularly updated as I get pictures and descriptions for more items. I will also correct mistakes, so if you see any please tell me. All items listed are believed to be authentic to the Civil War or as otherwise described. Any excavated relics have been recovered from private property with owners permission.This information is available for research purposes, pictures may be used by permission only.

Most information on this page is from:
Uniform Buttons of the United States 1776 - 1865, by Warren K.Tice.
Dating buttons; A Chronology of Button Types, Makers, Retailers & Their Backmarks, by Warren K. Tice.
Directory of American Military Goods Dealers & Makers, by Bruce S. Bazelon and William F. Guinn.
Record of American Uniform and Historical Buttons, Bicentennial Edition, by Alphaeus H. Albert.
Pictures are generally by the author, unless otherwise indicated.

Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War Buttons Research center, buttons, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Button0000-Index.html. Research center, buttons, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Button0000-Index.html.

Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War Button backmarks. Research center, button backmarks, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-000.html. Research center, button backmarks, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-000.html.

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