Ridgeway Civil War Research Center A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War
	Civil War Buttons
	by Harry Ridgeway

Button4611-Maryland-000 Maryland buttons, state general use. Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Three part officer button. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-000 . Albert MD11, Tice MD200. Albert MD12, (post war). Details click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Button4611-Maryland-000.html

Button4611-Maryland-Canfield210 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-Canfield210 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: CANFIELD BRO & CO. / BALTIMORE. dm between rings of dots, Scovill produced ca 1860. Three part officer button, coat size, 22mm to 23mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-Canfield210 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 189. [Plate C-4, 3]

Button4611-Maryland-Canfield215 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-Canfield215 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: CANFIELD. BRO & CO. / BAL. , dm with inner ring, no outer ring, used for small buttons only, Scovill msnufactured ca 1860. Three part officer button, hat or sleeve size, 14mm to 16mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-Canfield215 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 189.

Button4611-Maryland-ExtraQuality-Scovill100 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-ExtraQuality-Scovill100 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: EXTRA / (star) QUALITY (star) dm, small letters between two rings of dots, solid inner ring, depression around the shank, bottom of Q is distinctly seperated from outer ring, used on staff coat size buttons only. Scovill produced ca 1860. Note that the solid inner ring may be faint or obscured on some examples, this may have ocurrred during the process of shanking or crimping the button. Three part officer button, coat size, 22mm to 23mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-ExtraQuality-Scovill100 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 71, Scovill Manufacturing. [Plate B-7, 10]

Button4611-Maryland-ExtraQuality-Scovill140 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-ExtraQuality-Scovill140 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: EXTRA / (star) QUALITY (star) dm inner solid ring, used for small size staff buttons only, Scovill manufactured ca 1860. Three part officer button, hat or sleeve size, 14mm to 16mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-ExtraQuality-Scovill140 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 71, Scovill Manufacturing.

Button4611-Maryland-ExtraQuality-SteeleJohnson210 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-ExtraQuality-SteeleJohnson210 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: EXTRA. / (star) QUALITY. (star) dm between rings of dots, depression around shank, tail of Q is seperated from the ring of dots, manufactured by Steele & Johnson, ca 1860. Three part officer button, coat size, 22mm to 23mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-ExtraQuality-SteeleJohnson210 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 87, Steele & Johnson. [Plate B-10, 16]

Button4611-Maryland-ExtraQuality-SteeleJohnson265 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-ExtraQuality-SteeleJohnson265 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: EXTRA / (star) QUALITY (star) dm, (period after Quality either is omitted or filled with debris), no rings, well around the shank, small size only, manufacture by Steele & Johnson ca 1860. Three part officer button, hat or sleeve size, 14mm to 16mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-ExtraQuality-SteeleJohnson265 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 87, Steele & Johnson. [Plate B-10, 17]

Button4611-Maryland-ExtraQuality-WaterburyButton330 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-ExtraQuality-WaterburyButton330 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: EXTRA / (star) QUALITY (star) dm between rings of dots, some of the dots are spaced or formed irregularly, this pattern has no periods, no third inner ring, bottom of lettering of Quality touches the bottom ring, used on staff buttons, shank well is irregularly formed, manufactured by Waterbury Button Co., ca. 1860s. Three part officer button, coat size, 22mm to 23mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-ExtraQuality-WaterburyButton330 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 82, (Waterbury Button Co).

Button4611-Maryland-ExtraQuality-WaterburyButton352 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-ExtraQuality-WaterburyButton352 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: EXTRA / (star) QUALITY (star) dm, single inner ring of elongated dots or slashes, this pattern has no periods, manufactured by Waterbury Button Co ca 1860s, and could be transitional. Three part officer button, hat or sleeve size, 14mm to 16mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-ExtraQuality-WaterburyButton352 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 82, (Waterbury Button Co).

Button4611-Maryland-ExtraQuality-WaterburyButton360 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-ExtraQuality-WaterburyButton360 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: EXTRA / (floral graphic) QUALITY (floral graphic) dm, between two rings of elongated shaped dots, manufactured by Waterbury Button Co 1860's. Three part officer button, coat size, 22mm to 23mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-ExtraQuality-WaterburyButton360 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 82, (Waterbury Button Co). [Plate B-9, 12]

Button4611-Maryland-Horstmann610 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-Horstmann610 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: HORSTMANN BROS. & CO / (dot) PHIL (dot) dm large letters with no serifs between two rings of dots, manufactured after after 1880. Note, there is a period after BROS, it is small and may be hard to see on some examples. Three part officer button, coat size, 22mm to 23mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-Horstmann610 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 130. Plate B-18, 7.

Button4611-Maryland-Horstmann631 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-Horstmann631 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: HORSTMANN BROS. & CO. / (dot) PHIL. (dot) dm small letters inner ring of dots, small size only, backmark is likely post war. Three part officer button, hat or sleeve size, 14mm to 16mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-Horstmann631 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 130.

Button4611-Maryland-Schuyler221 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-Schuyler221 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: SCHUYLER H. &. G / N - YORK., the S in Schuyler is reversed, dm inner solid ring, Scovill produced ca 1860, for small buttons only. Three part officer button, small coat size, 19mm to 20mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-Schuyler221 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 139.

Button4611-Maryland-Scovill800 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-Scovill800 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: SCOVILL MF'G CO. / WATERBURY. dm between two rings of dots, no dividers, used on staff buttons ca 1860s, there appears to be a period after Co and after Waterbury, and on some examples this may appear to have length like a comma, this is likely due to slippage in stamping or die cutting, or debris in stamping, the convention of the time suggests it was meant to be a period and not a comma. Three part officer button, coat size, 22mm to 23mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-Scovill800 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 65 et seq. Plate B-6, 6.

Button4611-Maryland-Scovill801 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-Scovill801 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: SCOVILL MF'G. CO. / WATERBURY. dm single inner ring of dots, no dividers, small letters, used in staff small buttons only, this is abbreviated version of Scovill series of dm with double rings used for 1860s staff coat buttons. Use likely continued after the Civil War with coat sized buttons, redesigned with singler ring, This officer three part cuff or hat size button is believed to have been originally used along with the three part coat buttons with double rings, original use of both of these began about 1860, although war use was limited. This design is transitional, this pattern was not redesigned after the war when staff coat buttons using backmarks with the redesigned single ring were issued. Also note that an inner solid ring sometimes appears, this appears to be irregular and likely occured from assembly, and is not thought to have been part of the die design. Three part officer button, hat or sleeve size, 14mm to 16mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-Scovill801 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 65 et seq.

Button4611-Maryland-WaterburyButtonCo311 Maryland buttons, state general use. Backmark-WaterburyButtonCo311 Maryland buttons, state general use Maryland symbolism, eagle over a shield with a farmer and fisherman. Backmark: WATERBURY BUTTON CO. / (star) dm, large letters without serifs, single inner rings of dots, manufacture after the Civil War. Three part officer button, hat or sleeve size, 14mm to 16mm. Research Center: Button4611-Maryland-WaterburyButtonCo311 . Reference: Albert MD11. Reference: Tice MD200. Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 82.

This is the "Ridgeway Civil War Research Center", a research tool for educational purposes only, and is provided at no cost to the reader. Some of the relics listed are retained in the author's collection, most reside in other collections and are not owned by the author. None of the items listed in this section are for sale, please refer to relicman.com sales listings for items offered for sale. This is a work in progress, I list items as I get to them, there are many patterns that are not listed yet, this list will be regularly updated as I get pictures and descriptions for more items. I will also correct mistakes, so if you see any please tell me. All items listed are believed to be authentic to the Civil War or as otherwise described. Any excavated relics have been recovered from private property with owners permission.This information is available for research purposes, pictures may be used by permission only.

Most information on this page is from:
Uniform Buttons of the United States 1776 - 1865, by Warren K.Tice.
Dating buttons; A Chronology of Button Types, Makers, Retailers & Their Backmarks, by Warren K. Tice.
Directory of American Military Goods Dealers & Makers, by Bruce S. Bazelon and William F. Guinn.
Record of American Uniform and Historical Buttons, Bicentennial Edition, by Alphaeus H. Albert.
Pictures are generally by the author, unless otherwise indicated.

Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War Buttons Research center, buttons, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Button0000-Index.html. Research center, buttons, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Button0000-Index.html.

Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War Button backmarks. Research center, button backmarks, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-000.html. Research center, button backmarks, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-000.html.

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