Ridgeway Civil War Research Center A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War
	Civil War Buttons
	by Harry Ridgeway

Backmark-Horstmann000 ### Backmark-Horstmann000 Horstmann companies, Philadelphia was a major manufacturer of uniforms and other equipment. Research Center: Backmark-Horstmann000 . Details click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-Horstmann000.html

Backmark-Horstmann001-HorstmannWH ### Backmark-Horstmann001-HorstmannWH William H Horstmann, Philadelphia and New York. William H Horstmann immigrated in 1816, and eventually developed into a major supplier of military goods. Around 1829 he associated with his sons, and continued active management until about 1845. Horstmann was an outfitter supplying uniforms and many other products, all buttons were sub-contracted with other suppliers. Many buttons bear variations of his name and this continued well beyond his active management. This category includes buttons that specifically bear the founder's name, "W H Horstmann". Research Center: Backmark-Horstmann001-HorstmannWH . Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 130, backmarks are not numbered, 33 are listed, so count them to correlate with this listing. Due to an error of printing or layout, most of page 130 is missing from the original book, in fact all items after item one are missing. This study is referenced to the corrected page, which few readers will have. Details click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-Horstmann001-HorstmannWH.html

Backmark-Horstmann002-HorstmannSonsPhiladelphia ### Backmark-Horstmann002-HorstmannSonsPhiladelphia William H Horstmann & Sons, Philadelphia 1843 to 1894. This obviously spans a period well beyond the Civil War, and includes only those buttons with some combination of "Horstmann and Sons" and "Philadelphia", those bearing New York are not included. Dating some of these buttons is subject to estimate. Research Center: Backmark-Horstmann002-HorstmannSonsPhiladelphia . Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 130, continues to page 131, backmarks are not numbered, 9 are listed, so count them to correlate with this listing. However, due to an error of printing or layout, this entire section is missing from the original book. This study is referenced to the corrected page, which few readers will have. Details click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-Horstmann002-HorstmannSonsPhiladelphia.html

Backmark-Horstmann003-HorstmannSonsDrucker ### Backmark-Horstmann003-HorstmannSonsDrucker Horstmann & Sons & Drucker, New York 1845 to 1849. This was a partnership of W. H. Horstmann, William J. Horstmann, Sigmond H Horstmann, and Gustavus Drucker. Research Center: Backmark-Horstmann003-HorstmannSonsDrucker . Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 131, backmarks are not numbered, 13 are listed, so count them to correlate with this listing. However, due to an error of printing or layout, the top part of page 131 is missing from the original book, the eplanation and item one are missing, the page as published actually starts with item number 2. Details click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-Horstmann003-HorstmannSonsDrucker.html

Backmark-Horstmann004-HorstmannBrothersCo ### Backmark-Horstmann004-HorstmannBrothersCo Horstmann Brothers & Company, 1859 to 1893. Stores were maintained in both Philadelphia and New York. Buttons bearing combinations of these names run from before the Civil War, during the war and long after. Dating some of these buttons is subject to estimate. Research Center: Backmark-Horstmann004-HorstmannBrothersCo . Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 131, backmarks are not numbered, 14 are listed, so count them to correlate with this listing. Details click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-Horstmann004-HorstmannBrothersCo.html

Backmark-Horstmann005-HorstmannBrothersAllien ### Backmark-Horstmann005-HorstmannBrothersAllien Horstmann Brothers & Allien, New York, 1850 to 1877. This was a partnership of William J. Horstmann, Sigmond H Horstmann, and Henry V Allien. Research Center: Backmark-Horstmann005-HorstmannBrothersAllien . Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 131, continue to page 133, backmarks are not numbered, 22 are listed, so count them to correlate with this listing. Details click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-Horstmann005-HorstmannBrothersAllien.html

Backmark-Horstmann006-HorstmannCo ### Backmark-Horstmann006-HorstmannCo Horstmann companies. Officially the company operated as "W. H. Horstmann & Company", Philadelphia, 1893 to twentieth century. However, buttons bearing simply the name "Horstmann", or abbreviations thereof, began much earlier running from the 1850's to the twentieth century. Over time button backmarks needed to become abbreviated, name shortened, rings and other details were eliminated. This was initially done to fit the backmark onto smaller buttons but also would have had cost and efficiency implications as well. Research Center: Backmark-Horstmann006-HorstmannCo . Reference: Tice, Dating Buttons, page 130, backmarks are not numbered, items 18 to 33, and page 133, two items. Page 130 is one of the pages omitted from the book as printed, so this may be difficult to follow. Suffice to say this is any abbreviated backmarks bearing the name Hostmann only and not included in any of the other sections. Details click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-Horstmann006-HorstmannCo.html

This is the "Ridgeway Civil War Research Center", a research tool for educational purposes only, and is provided at no cost to the reader. Some of the relics listed are retained in the author's collection, most reside in other collections and are not owned by the author. None of the items listed in this section are for sale, please refer to relicman.com sales listings for items offered for sale. This is a work in progress, I list items as I get to them, there are many patterns that are not listed yet, this list will be regularly updated as I get pictures and descriptions for more items. I will also correct mistakes, so if you see any please tell me. All items listed are believed to be authentic to the Civil War or as otherwise described. Any excavated relics have been recovered from private property with owners permission.This information is available for research purposes, pictures may be used by permission only.

Most information on this page is from:
Uniform Buttons of the United States 1776 - 1865, by Warren K.Tice.
Dating buttons; A Chronology of Button Types, Makers, Retailers & Their Backmarks, by Warren K. Tice.
Directory of American Military Goods Dealers & Makers, by Bruce S. Bazelon and William F. Guinn.
Record of American Uniform and Historical Buttons, Bicentennial Edition, by Alphaeus H. Albert.
Pictures are generally by the author, unless otherwise indicated.

Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War Buttons Research center, buttons, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Button0000-Index.html. Research center, buttons, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Button0000-Index.html.

Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War Button backmarks. Research center, button backmarks, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-000.html. Research center, button backmarks, click: http://relicman.com/buttons/Backmark-000.html.

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