A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War
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Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War |
| Civil War Artillery | |
| by Harry Ridgeway |
| More Parrott design, PAGE 3. Research Center: Artillery4600-Parrott ,     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4603-Parrott-Page3.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, solid bolt, pattern with "flat top", high band rabbeted brass band sabot, Parrott 30 pounder rifle, 4.2in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a thin wide brass band secured to the base with rabbets, referred to as "type II", more flexible than the earlier wrought iron design. The thin soft brass sabot had a tendency to separate from the shell on firing, rendering it unsatisfactory for field use, but it was used extensively on heavy siege artillery where friendly infantry would not generally be located forward of the fire. Shell is solid casting, or "bolt" and was designed to be used against opposing cannon by striking the equipment. Nose of this pattern is slightly tapered, top is flat, Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 4.1in., length 9.5in., weight 30lbs. Research Center: Artillery4681-Parrott, Ref: Bell, Heavy Ordnance, pg. 273.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4681-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, solid bolt, pattern with "chill nose", high band rabbeted brass band sabot, Parrott 30 pounder rifle, 4.2in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a thin wide brass band secured to the base with rabbets, referred to as "type II", more flexible than the earlier wrought iron design. The thin soft brass sabot had a tendency to separate from the shell on firing, rendering it unsatisfactory for field use, but it was used extensively on heavy siege artillery where friendly infantry would not generally be located forward of the fire. Shell is solid casting, or "bolt" and was designed to be used against opposing cannon by striking the equipment. The blunt nose of this bolt was hardened by "chilling", a process of rapid cooling after casting, and was tapered to a smaller diameter in order to concentrate the force on impact. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 4.1in., length 10in., weight 30lbs. Research Center: Artillery4682-Parrott, Ref: Bell, Heavy Ordnance, pg. 274.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4682-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), high band brass sabot with 10 rabbets, Parrott time fuze with a flange, Parrott 30 pounder rifle, 4.2in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a thin wide brass band secured to the base with rabbets, referred to as "type II", more flexible than the earlier wrought iron design, this pattern was secured with 10 rabbets flush with the exterior of the shell. The thin soft brass sabot had a tendency to separate from the shell on firing, rendering it unsatisfactory for field use, but it was used extensively on heavy siege artillery where friendly infantry would not generally be located forward of the fire. This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), although it does not contain balls, it is equipped with a time fuze which could be used against either enemy troops defending the forts or cannon. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc time fuze, typically the pattern with a flat flange, (Jones pg. 77)., top of the fuze hole is milled wide to seat the flange. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 4.1in., length 12in. (excluding fuze), weight 23lbs. to 26lbs. Research Center: Artillery4683-Parrott, Ref: Bell, Heavy Ordnance, pg. 279.     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4683-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), high band brass sabot with 10 rabbets, Parrott percussion fuze West Point Style, Parrott 30 pounder rifle, 4.2 in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a thin wide brass band secured to the base with rabbets, referred to as "type II", more flexible than the earlier wrought iron design, this pattern was secured with 10 rabbets flush with the exterior of the shell. The thin soft brass sabot had a tendency to separate from the shell on firing, rendering it unsatisfactory for field use, but it was used extensively on heavy siege artillery where friendly infantry would not generally be located forward of the fire. This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), it does not contain balls, and with a percussion fuze it was designed to detonate after striking enemy cannon or equipment. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc percussion fuze, "West Point" style two part fuze, (Jones pg. 79), edge of the fuze hole is milled thin. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 4.1in., length 12in. (excluding fuze), weight 23lbs. to 26lbs. Research Center: Artillery4684-Parrott, Ref: Bell, Heavy Ordnance, pg. 279.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4684-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common", (standard), high band brass sabot with 8 rabbets, Parrott percussion fuze, "improved one part design", Parrott 30 pounder rifle, 4.2in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a thin wide brass band secured to the base with rabbets, referred to as "type II", more flexible than the earlier wrought iron design, this pattern was secured with 8 rabbets flush with the exterior of the shell. The thin soft brass sabot had a tendency to separate from the shell on firing, rendering it unsatisfactory for field use, but it was used extensively on heavy siege artillery where friendly infantry would not generally be located forward of the fire. This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), it does not contain balls, and with a percussion fuze it was designed to detonate after striking enemy cannon or equipment. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc percussion fuze, this one used the "improved" one part design, edge of the fuze hole is milled flat, Jones pg. 81. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 4.1in., length 12in. (excluding fuze), weight 23lbs. to 26lbs. Research Center: Artillery4685-Parrott, Ref: Bell, Heavy Ordnance, pg. 279.     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4685-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, short pattern "case shot", high band brass sabot with 10 rabbets, Parrott time fuze with a flange, Parrott 30 pounder rifle, 4.2in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a thin wide brass band secured to the base with rabbets, referred to as "type II", more flexible than the earlier wrought iron design. The thin soft brass sabot had a tendency to separate from the shell on firing, rendering it unsatisfactory for field use, but it was used extensively on heavy siege artillery where friendly infantry would not generally be located forward of the fire. The short pattern is generally configured as case shot. This shell is "case shot", explosive charge with lead balls, and with a time fuze was designed to detonate above the heads of troops in the open field or defending forts. Case shot balls are lead. packed in black asphalt matrix, powder channel was drilled through the balls and matrix and runs the full length of the shell. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc time fuze, typically the pattern with a flat flange, (Jones pg. 77)., top of the fuze hole is milled flat. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 4.1in., length 11in. (excluding fuze), weight 27lbs. to 30lbs. Research Center: Artillery4686-Parrott, Ref: Bell, Heavy Ordnance, pg. 279.     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4686-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), high band "corrugated" brass band sabot, Parrott time fuze with a flange, Parrott 30 pounder rifle, 4.2in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a thin wide brass band secured to the base with small corrugated notches, this apparently was an experimental design, few of them were manufactured This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), although it does not contain balls, it is equipped with a time fuze which could be used against either enemy troops defending the forts or cannon. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc time fuze, typically the pattern with a flat flange, (Jones pg. 77)., top of the fuze hole is milled flat. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 4.1in., length 12.25in. (excluding fuze), weight 23lbs. to 26lbs. Research Center: Artillery4687-Parrott, Ref: Bell, Heavy Ordnance, pg. 277.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4687-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, solid bolt, "flat top" pattern, narrow ring brass sabot, Parrott 30 pounder rifle, 4.2in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a narrow brass ring secured to the base with internal rabbets, referred to as "type III", more flexible than wrought iron and more narrow than the high band, this took the rifling much better than the earlier designs. Shell is solid casting, or "bolt" and was designed to be used against opposing cannon by striking the equipment. Nose of this pattern is slightly tapered, top is flat, Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 4.15in., length 9.5in., weight 30lbs. Research Center: Artillery4691-Parrott, Ref: Bell, Heavy Ordnance, pg. 275.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4691-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, solid bolt, "chill nose", narrow ring brass sabot, Parrott 30 pounder rifle, 4.2in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a narrow brass ring secured to the base with internal rabbets, referred to as "type III", more flexible than wrought iron and more narrow than the high band, this took the rifling much better than the earlier designs. Shell is solid casting, or "bolt" and was designed to be used against opposing cannon by striking the equipment. The blunt nose of this bolt was hardened by "chilling", a process of rapid cooling after casting, and was tapered to a smaller diameter in order to concentrate the force on impact. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 4.1in., length 10in., weight 30lbs. Research Center: Artillery4692-Parrott, Ref: Bell, Heavy Ordnance, pg. 276.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4692-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), narrow ring brass sabot, Parrott percussion fuze West Point Style, Parrott 30 pounder rifle, 4.2in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a narrow brass ring secured to the base with internal rabbets, referred to as "type III", more flexible than wrought iron and more narrow than the high band, this took the rifling much better than the earlier designs. This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), it does not contain balls, and with a percussion fuze it was designed to detonate after striking enemy cannon or equipment. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc percussion fuze, "West Point" style two part fuze, (Jones pg. 79), edge of the fuze hole is milled thin. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 4.1in., length 12in. (excluding fuze), weight 23lbs. to 26lbs. Research Center: Artillery4693-Parrott, Ref: Bell, Heavy Ordnance, pg. 284.     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4693-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), narrow ring brass sabot, Parrott "improved one part" percussion fuze, Parrott 30 pounder rifle, 4.2in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a narrow brass ring secured to the base with internal rabbets, referred to as "type III", more flexible than wrought iron and more narrow than the high band, this took the rifling much better than the earlier designs. This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), it does not contain balls, and with a percussion fuze it was designed to detonate after striking enemy cannon or equipment. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc "improved" one part design, with a flange, (Jones, Fuzes, pg. 81), edge of the fuze hole is milled flat. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 4.1in., length 12in. (excluding fuze), weight 23lbs. to 26lbs. Research Center: Artillery4694-Parrott, Ref: Bell, Heavy Ordnance, pg. 284.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4694-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), narrow ring brass sabot, Schenkl percussion fuze, Navy, Parrott 30 pounder rifle, 4.2in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a narrow brass ring secured to the base with internal rabbets, referred to as "type III", more flexible than wrought iron and more narrow than the high band, this took the rifling much better than the earlier designs. This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), it does not contain balls, and with a percussion fuze it was designed to detonate after striking enemy cannon or equipment. Fuze employed was a Schenkl Navy percussion fuze, removable cap had a slider and percussion cap, head is 1.4in., 12 threads per inch, marked "JP SCHENKL / PAT OCT 16 1861", Jones pg. 102, top of the fuze hole is milled flat. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 4.1in., length 12in. (excluding fuze), weight 23lbs. to 26lbs. Research Center: Artillery4695-Parrott, Ref: Bell, Heavy Ordnance, pg. 284.     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4695-Parrott.html. |
A2207. Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, Parrott 30 pounder rifle, 4.2in., nose section with fuze.   Large fragment of a Parrott 30 pounder, nose with zinc time fuze. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, solid bolt, long pattern with "flat top", high band brass sabot with 10 rabbets, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with 10 rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. Projectile measures: diameter 6.25in., length 13in., weight 95lbs. Research Center: Artillery4711-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 290.     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4711-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, solid bolt, long pattern with wide chill nose, high band brass sabot with 10 rabbets, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with 10 rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. This bolt was designed with an indented area around the nose with a flat top, this is sometimes referred to as "bottle nose', it is a variation of the chill nose employed in smaller calibers. Projectile measures: diameter 6.25in., length 13in., weight 95lbs. Research Center: Artillery4712-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 295.     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4712-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, hollow shot bolt, pattern with "flat top", high band brass sabot with 10 rabbets, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with 10 rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. This bolt is cast with a hollow cavity, threaded hole on bottom was plugged to close the core after casting. The purpose is not entirely clear, perhaps the lighter bolt would have longer effective firing range. Projectile measures: diameter 6.25in., length 13in., weight 75lbs. Research Center: Artillery4713-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 291.     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4713-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, solid bolt, short pattern with narrow chill nose, high band brass sabot, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. This bolt was designed with an indented area around the nose with a flat top, this is sometimes referred to as "bottle nose', it is a variation of the chill nose employed in smaller calibers. Projectile measures: diameter 6.3in., length 9.75in. (excluding fuze), weight 61lbs. Research Center: Artillery4714-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 294.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4714-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, short test pattern with flat bottom, high band brass sabot with 12 rabbets, experimental pattern without fuze, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with 12 rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. Shell was apparently experimental, it was cast with a cavity and a fuze hole, but the fuze hole was never drilled or threaded to take a fuze. Projectile measures: diameter 6.25in., length 13in. (excluding fuze), weight 60lbs. approx. with sabot. Research Center: Artillery4721-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance., not listed.     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4721-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, short pattern with flat bottom, high band brass sabot with 10 rabbets, Parrott improved one part percussion fuze, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with 10 rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. Fuze employed was Parrott zinc one part percussion fuze, "improved" design, edge of the fuze hole is milled flat, Jones pg. 81. Projectile measures: diameter 6.25in., length 15.5in. (excluding fuze), weight 80lbs. approx. with sabot. Research Center: Artillery4722-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 297.     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4722-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, short pattern with flat bottom, high band brass sabot with 10 rabbets, Parrott watercap fuze, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with 10 rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. Fuze employed was a Parrott watercap time fuze, brass watercap is screwed into white metal sleeve, edge of the fuze hole is milled thin, Jones pg. 13. Projectile measures: diameter 6.25in., length 15.5in. (excluding fuze), weight 80lbs. approx. with sabot. Research Center: Artillery4723-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 297.     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4723-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, short pattern with flat bottom, high band brass sabot with 10 rabbets, threaded fuze, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with 10 rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. Fuze employed was probably a Parrott watercap or percussion fuze, edge of the fuze hole is milled thin. Projectile measures: diameter 6.25in., length 15.5in. (excluding fuze), weight 80lbs. approx. with sabot. Research Center: Artillery4724-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 297.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4724-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, short pattern with rivet, high band brass sabot with 10 rabbets, Parrott improved one part percussion fuze, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with 10 rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. Bottom is plugged with a rivet protruding from the bottom. The shell was cast with an open hole in the base, through which a rod was placed to hold the core during casting. After casting the rod was removed, the rod was removed and replaced with a drive in plug, this while the casting was still hot. On cooling the hole would shrink thus securing the bottom plug. This "short" pattern may have been designed to be able utilize case shot, but it appears that most were configured with percussion fuzes and full powder charge. Fuze employed was Parrott zinc one part percussion fuze, "improved" design, edge of the fuze hole is milled flat, Jones pg. 81. Projectile measures: diameter 6.25in., length 15.5in. (excluding fuze), weight 85lbs. approx. with sabot. Research Center: Artillery4725-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 297.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4725-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, short pattern with rivet, high band brass sabot with 10 rabbets, Schenkl percussion fuze, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with 10 rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. Bottom is plugged with a rivet protruding from the bottom. The shell was cast with an open hole in the base, through which a rod was placed to hold the core during casting. After casting the rod was removed, the rod was removed and replaced with a drive in plug, this while the casting was still hot. On cooling the hole would shrink thus securing the bottom plug. This "short" pattern may have been designed to be able utilize case shot, but it appears that most were configured with percussion fuzes and full powder charge. Fuze employed was large caliber Schenkl percussion intended to detonate upon striking enemy cannon or fortifications, fuze is marked "JP SCHENKL / PAT OCT 16 1861", Jones pg. 101. Projectile measures: diameter 6.25in., length 15.5in. (excluding fuze), weight 80lbs. approx. with sabot. Research Center: Artillery4726-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 297.     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4726-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern with flat bottom, high band brass sabot with 10 rabbets, Parrott improved one part percussion fuze, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with 10 rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. This is the longest pattern produced for the 100 pounder rifle. Fuze employed was Parrott zinc one part percussion fuze, "improved" design, edge of the fuze hole is milled flat, Jones pg. 81. Projectile measures: diameter 6.3in., length 19in. (excluding fuze), weight 80lbs. approx. without sabot. Research Center: Artillery4731-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 298.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4731-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern with flat bottom, high band brass sabot with 10 rabbets, Parrott watercap fuze, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with 10 rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. Fuze employed was a Parrott watercap fuze, brass watercap is screwed into white metal sleeve, edge of the fuze hole is milled thin, Jones pg. 13. Projectile measures: diameter 6.3in., length 18.5in. (excluding fuze), weight 92lbs., approx. with sabot. Research Center: Artillery4732-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 298.     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4732-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern with rivet, high band brass sabot with 10 rabbets, Parrott improved one part percussion fuze, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with 10 rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. Bottom is plugged with a rivet protruding from the bottom. The shell was cast with an open hole in the base, through which a rod was placed to hold the core during casting. After casting the rod was removed, the rod was removed and replaced with a drive in plug, this while the casting was still hot. On cooling the hole would shrink thus securing the bottom plug. This "short" pattern may have been designed to be able utilize case shot, but it appears that most were configured with percussion fuzes and full powder charge. Fuze employed was Parrott zinc one part percussion fuze, "improved" design, edge of the fuze hole is milled flat, Jones pg. 81. Projectile measures: diameter 6.36in., length 18.5in. (excluding bottom rivet), weight 91lbs., with sabot. Research Center: Artillery4733-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 299.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4733-Parrott.html. |
A2208.1...Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in., nose section with partial fuze.   Large fragment of a Parrott 100 pounder, nose section, fuze was jammed deep into the fuze hole on impact. Parrott 100 pounder fragment, large nose section. |
A2208.2...Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in., high band rabbeted brass ring sabot.   Large fragment of a Parrott 100 pounder, base section with high band sabot, 9 lands & grooves. Parrott 100 pounder fragment, base section and sabot. |
A2209...Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott 100 pounder rifle, 6.4in., nose section.    Large fragment of a Parrott 100 pounder, nose section, three fragments. These frags were recovered from a shell detonated by the DOD, thank you for breaking up an empty shell so we can study the pieces, nice job guys! Parrott 100 pounder fragment, large nose section. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, pattern with flat bottom, high band brass sabot experimental pattern without fuze, rifled 42 pounder rifle, 7in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The 7 inch guns in the Federal arsenal were modified to add rifling and areinforcement band, the idea being to accommodate the equivalent of a double smoothbore shot, hence the smoothbore 42 pounder became a "rifled 42 pounder". This 7 inch Parrott shell was a prototype to be used in the converted smoothbore guns, subsequent development was for the rifled series of Parrott guns, hence use of this weapon is limited. The small wood fuze hole suggests that this round may have been a test round, they are found at West Point, but others have also been found in Charleston, South Carolina, all missing sabots and may have also been tested at Fort Sumter. Shell was cast with a cavity and a fuze hole, but the fuze hole was never drilled or threaded to take a fuze. Sabot is missing, none of the Charleston shells have been recovered with sabot, so we do not know which type of sabot was actually employed, however based on the time of use and shape of the notches, it most likely employed the high band sabot. Shell measures: diameter 6.9in., length 14in., weight 78lbs. (empty and missing sabot). Research Center: Artillery4751-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 305.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4751-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, short pattern with flat bottom, high band brass sabot, Parrott one part improved percussion fuze, Parrott 200 pounder rifle, 8in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. This is the shorter pattern of the 200 pounder Parrott. Fuze employed was Parrott zinc one part percussion fuze, "improved" design, (Jones pg. 81). Shell measures: diameter 7.9in., length 17in., weight 150lbs. approx. with sabot. Research Center: Artillery4761-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 312.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4761-Parrott.html. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, short pattern with flat bottom, high band brass sabot, Schenkl percussion fuze, Parrott 200 pounder rifle, 8in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. This is the shorter pattern of the 200 pounder Parrott. Fuze employed was large caliber Schenkl percussion intended to detonate upon striking enemy cannon or fortifications, fuze is marked "JP SCHENKL / PAT OCT 16 1861", Jones pg. 101. Shell measures: diameter 7.9in., length 17in., weight 150lbs. approx. with sabot. Research Center: Artillery4762-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 312.     Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4762-Parrott.html. |
A0468.5...Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, Parrott 200 pounder rifle, 8in., nose section  Nose section 200 Pounder Parrott Note remains of threaded fuze hole. Recovered: Fort Fisher, North Carolina. Fragment weighs 9lbs. |
A2406...Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, Parrott 200 pounder rifle, 8in., low band sabot     Fired low band sabot (Type III) has 11 lands and grooves. Fired sabot broke off of shell but did not break into pieces, great illustration of the firing violence of the big 8 inch Parrott. Recovered: not known. |
A2492...Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, Parrott 200 pounder rifle, 8in., partial ground burst     This is a "ground burst", caused when a shell burrows itself into the ground, and then detonates after impact. Because the explosion is massive and the burrow is shallow the fragments flying upward scatter out of the hole, the fragments in the hole bury deeper and can be recovered. About two thirds of the fragments were recovered from this example and were glued back together, making a terrific display. Recovered: Bermuda Hundred Virginia. Diameter 7.9 in., this fragment weighs 82 lbs. |
| Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, high band brass sabot, Parrott 300 pounder rifle, 10in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following development of Parrott's patent. The sabot, referred to as "type II", utilized a thin wide brass band which was softer and more flexible than wrought iron, secured to the base with rabbets. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. However for large caliber guns, fired from ships or forts, flying sabots was less of a problem and this pattern of sabot became the primary convention for siege guns. Bottom is plugged with a rivet protruding from the bottom. The shell was cast with an open hole in the base, through which a rod was placed to hold the core during casting. After casting the rod was removed, the rod was removed and replaced with a drive in plug, this while the casting was still hot. On cooling the hole would shrink thus securing the bottom plug. This is the largest Parrott shell made, 300 pounder Parrott. Fuze employed was Parrott large time fuze, (Jones pg. tbd). Shell measures: diameter 9.9in., length 22.5in., weight 250lbs. approx. with sabot. Research Center: Artillery4781-Parrott, Ref: Bell Heavy Ordnance, pg. 318.    Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4781-Parrott.html. |
| Back to beginning, Parrott design, Page1. Research Center: Artillery4600-Parrott , Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4600-Parrott.html. |
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