Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War |
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Civil War Artillery | |
by Harry Ridgeway |
More Parrott design, PAGE 2. Research Center: Artillery4600-Parrott , Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4602-Parrott-Page2.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, solid bolt, pattern with flat top, wrought iron sabot, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the prewar invention of Robert Parrott and John Read working together. The sabot system utilized was a wrought iron ring, referred to as the "Type I" sabot, rifling was precast with five flanges, because it was too stiff to take the rifling otherwise. Shell is solid casting, or "bolt" and was designed to be used against opposing cannon by striking the equipment, use of this light bolt had limited applicability and is relatively scarce in the smaller calibers. Nose of this pattern is slightly tapered, top is flat, Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 3.62in., length 8.0in., weight 19lbs. Research Center: Artillery4641-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 218. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4641-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), wrought iron sabot, Parrott percussion fuze West Point Style, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the prewar invention of Robert Parrott and John Read working together. The sabot system utilized was a wrought iron ring, referred to as the "Type I" sabot, rifling was precast with five flanges, because it was too stiff to take the rifling otherwise. Some of these shells were configured as case shot, (approx. 17.5lbs to 19lbs. with balls, short, 9.25in.), or as "common" (approx 15lbs. to 17lbs. without balls, long 10.25in.). This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), it does not contain balls, and with a percussion fuze it was designed to detonate after striking enemy cannon or equipment. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc percussion fuze, "West Point" style two part fuze, (Jones pg. 79), edge of the fuze hole is milled thin. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 3.62in., length 10.25in. (excluding fuze), weight 15lbs. to 17lbs. Research Center: Artillery4642-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 219. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4642-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), wrought iron sabot, Schenkl percussion fuze, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the prewar invention of Robert Parrott and John Read working together. The sabot system utilized was a wrought iron ring, referred to as the "Type I" sabot, rifling was precast with five flanges, because it was too stiff to take the rifling otherwise. Some of these shells were configured as case shot, (approx. 17.5lbs to 19lbs. with balls, short, 9.25in.), or as "common" (approx 15lbs. to 17lbs. without balls, long 10.25in.). This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), it does not contain balls, and with a percussion fuze it was designed to detonate after striking enemy cannon or equipment. Fuze employed was a Schenkl Army percussion fuze, removable cap had a slider and percussion cap, head is 1.22in.or 1.25in., 10 threads per inch, marked "JP SCHENKL / PAT OCT 16 1861", (Jones pg. 98 or 99)., top of the fuze hole is milled flat. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 3.62in., length 10.25 in. (excluding fuze), weight 15lbs. to 17lbs. Research Center: Artillery4643-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 219. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4643-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), wrought iron sabot, Parrott time fuze without flange, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the prewar invention of Robert Parrott and John Read working together. The sabot system utilized was a wrought iron ring, referred to as the "Type I" sabot, rifling was precast with five flanges, because it was too stiff to take the rifling otherwise. Some of these shells were configured as case shot, (approx. 17.5lbs to 19lbs. with balls, short, 9.25in.), or as "common" (approx 15lbs. to 17lbs. without balls, long 10.25in.). This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), it does not contain balls, and with a time fuze it was designed to be used against troops in the open field or enemy cannon. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc time fuze, typically the pattern without a flange, (Jones, Fuzes, pg. 76), edge of the fuze hole is milled thin. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 3.62in., length 10.25in. (excluding fuze), weight 15lbs. to 17lbs. Research Center: Artillery4644-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 219. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4644-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), wrought iron sabot, Hotchkiss time fuze, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the prewar invention of Robert Parrott and John Read working together. The sabot system utilized was a wrought iron ring, referred to as the "Type I" sabot, rifling was precast with five flanges, because it was too stiff to take the rifling otherwise. Some of these shells were configured as case shot, (approx. 17.5lbs to 19lbs. with balls, short, 9.25in.), or as "common" (approx 15lbs. to 17lbs. without balls, long 10.25in.). This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), it does not contain balls, and with a time fuze it was designed to be used against troops in the open field or enemy cannon. Fuze employed was a Hotchkiss brass time fuze, with slots and a flange, Jones pg. 87. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 3.62in., length 10.25in. (excluding fuze), weight 15lbs. to 17lbs. Research Center: Artillery4645-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 219. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4645-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, short pattern "case shot" lead balls packed in sulfur matrix, wrought iron sabot, Parrott time fuze without a flange, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the prewar invention of Robert Parrott and John Read working together. The sabot system utilized was a wrought iron ring, referred to as the "Type I" sabot, rifling was precast with five flanges, because it was too stiff to take the rifling otherwise. Some of these shells were configured as case shot, (approx. 17.5lbs to 19lbs. with balls, short, 9.25in.), or as "common" (approx 15lbs. to 17lbs. without balls, long 10.25in.). This shell is "case shot", explosive charge with lead balls, and with a time fuze was designed to detonate above the heads of troops in the open field. Lead case shot balls are packed in yellow or sulfur matrix. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc time fuze, typically the pattern without a flange, (Jones, Fuzes, pg. 76), edge of the fuze hole is milled thin. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 3.62in., length 9.25 in. (excluding fuze), 17.5lbs to 19lbs. Research Center: Artillery4646-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 219. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4646-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, short pattern "case shot" balls packed in sulfur matrix, wrought iron sabot, Parrott time fuze with a flange, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the prewar invention of Robert Parrott and John Read working together. The sabot system utilized was a wrought iron ring, referred to as the "Type I" sabot, rifling was precast with five flanges, because it was too stiff to take the rifling otherwise. Some of these shells were configured as case shot, (approx. 17.5lbs to 19lbs. with balls, short, 9.25in.), or as "common" (approx 15lbs. to 17lbs. without balls, long 10.25in.). This shell is "case shot", explosive charge with lead balls, and with a time fuze was designed to detonate above the heads of troops in the open field. Lead case shot balls are packed in yellow or sulfur matrix. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc time fuze, typically the pattern with a flat flange, (Jones pg. 77)., top of the fuze hole is milled wide to seat the flange. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 3.62in., length 9.25 in. (excluding fuze), 17.5lbs to 19lbs. Research Center: Artillery4647-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 219. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4647-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), high band brass ring sabot, Parrott "improved one part" percussion fuze, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a thin wide brass band secured to the base with rabbets, referred to as "type II", more flexible than the earlier wrought iron design. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. Use in smaller caliber ordnance was generally abandoned in favor of the thicker type III narrow band sabot. Some of these shells were configured as case shot, (approx. 17.5lbs to 19lbs. with balls, short, 9.25in.), or as "common" (approx 15lbs. to 17lbs. without balls, long 10.25in.). This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), it does not contain balls, and with a percussion fuze it was designed to detonate after striking enemy cannon or equipment. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc "improved" one part design, with a flange, (Jones, Fuzes, pg. 81), edge of the fuze hole is milled flat. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 3.6in., length 10.25in. (excluding fuze), weight 15lbs. to 17.6lbs. Research Center: Artillery4651-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), not listed, sabot style shown for 30 pounder Bell pg. 278. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4651-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), high band brass ring sabot, Parrott "improved one part" percussion fuze, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a thin wide brass band secured to the base with rabbets, referred to as "type II", more flexible than the earlier wrought iron design. However performance was poor, the thin soft brass sabot either failed to take the rifling or had a tendency to separate on firing, resulting in shards of brass flying into the backs of the forward infantry. Use in smaller caliber ordnance was generally abandoned in favor of the thicker type III narrow band sabot. Some of these shells were configured as case shot, (approx. 17.5lbs to 19lbs. with balls, short, 9.25in.), or as "common" (approx 15lbs. to 17lbs. without balls, long 10.25in.). This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), it does not contain balls, and with a percussion fuze it was designed to detonate after striking enemy cannon or equipment. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc "improved" one part design, with a flange, (Jones, Fuzes, pg. 81), edge of the fuze hole is milled flat. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 3.6in., length 10.25in. (excluding fuze), weight 15lbs. to 17lbs. Research Center: Artillery4652-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), not listed, sabot style shown for 30 pounder Bell pg. 278. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4652-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), high band sawtooth brass ring sabot, Parrott percussion fuze West Point Style, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was an early development of the high band sabot, this pattern with the triangular or saw-tooth shaped edge is now determined to be a prototype preceding the high band Type II Parrott sabot, it was apparently tested briefly and abandoned. All projectiles of this sabot type are "common" shell, (standard), not containing balls, and with a percussion fuze it was designed to detonate after striking enemy cannon or equipment. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc percussion fuze, "West Point" style two part fuze, Jones pg. 79, fuze hole will have a thin milled lip. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 3.66in., length 10.75in. (excluding fuze), weight 18lbs. Research Center: Artillery4653-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), not listed, sabot style shown for 30 pounder Bell pg. 283. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4653-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), high band scalloped or corrugated brass ring sabot, Parrott percussion fuze West Point Style, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was an early development of the high band sabot, this pattern with the scalloped or corrugated shaped edge is now determined to be a prototype preceding the high band Type II Parrott sabot, it was apparently tested briefly and abandoned. All projectiles of this sabot type are "common" shell, (standard), not containing balls, and with a percussion fuze it was designed to detonate after striking enemy cannon or equipment. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc percussion fuze, "West Point" style two part fuze, Jones pg. 79, fuze hole will have a thin milled lip. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled. Projectile measures: diameter 3.65in., length 10.5in. (excluding fuze), weight 16.6lbs. Research Center: Artillery4654-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 227. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4654-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, solid bolt, "flat top" pattern, narrow ring brass sabot, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a narrow brass ring secured to the base with internal rabbets, referred to as "type III", more flexible than wrought iron and more narrow than the high band, this took the rifling much better than the earlier designs. Shell is solid casting, or "bolt" and was designed to be used against opposing cannon by striking the equipment, use of this light bolt had limited applicability and is relatively scarce in the smaller calibers. Nose of this pattern is blunt, top is nearly flat. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled, there will often be casting flaws near the base. Projectile measures: diameter 3.6in., length 8.0in., weight 19lbs. Research Center: Artillery4661-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 229. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4661-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, solid bolt, "chill nose" pattern, narrow ring brass sabot, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a narrow brass ring secured to the base with internal rabbets, referred to as "type III", more flexible than wrought iron and more narrow than the high band, this took the rifling much better than the earlier designs. Shell is solid casting, or "bolt" and was designed to be used against opposing cannon by striking the equipment, use of this light bolt had limited applicability and is relatively scarce in the smaller calibers. The blunt nose of this bolt was hardened by "chilling", a process of rapid cooling after casting, and was tapered to a smaller diameter in order to concentrate the force on impact. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled, there will often be casting flaws near the base. Projectile measures: diameter 3.62 in., length 8.75 in., weight 19 lbs. Research Center: Artillery4662-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 230. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4662-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), narrow ring brass sabot, Parrott "improved one part" percussion fuze, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a narrow brass ring secured to the base with internal rabbets, referred to as "type III", more flexible than wrought iron and more narrow than the high band, this took the rifling much better than the earlier designs. Some of these shells were configured as case shot, (approx. 17.5lbs to 19lbs. with balls, short, 9.25in.), or as "common" (approx 15lbs. to 17lbs. without balls, long 10.25in.). This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), it does not contain balls, and with a percussion fuze it was designed to detonate after striking enemy cannon or equipment. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc "improved" one part design, with a flange, Jones, Fuzes, pg. 81, edge of the fuze hole is milled flat. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled, there will often be casting flaws near the base. Projectile measures: diameter 3.6in., length 10.25in. (excluding fuze), weight 15lbs. to 17lbs. Research Center: Artillery4663-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 232. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4663-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, long pattern "common" (standard), narrow ring brass sabot, Schenkl percussion fuze, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a narrow brass ring secured to the base with internal rabbets, referred to as "type III", more flexible than wrought iron and more narrow than the high band, this took the rifling much better than the earlier designs. Some of these shells were configured as case shot, (approx. 17.5lbs to 19lbs. with balls, short, 9.25in.), or as "common" (approx 15lbs. to 17lbs. without balls, long 10.25in.). This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), it does not contain balls, and with a percussion fuze it was designed to detonate after striking enemy cannon or equipment. Fuze employed was a Schenkl Army percussion fuze, removable cap had a slider and percussion cap, head is 1.22in.or 1.25in., 10 threads per inch, marked "JP SCHENKL / PAT OCT 16 1861", Jones pg. 98 or 99., top of the fuze hole is milled flat. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled, there will often be casting flaws near the base. Projectile measures: diameter 3.6in., length 10.25in. (excluding fuze), weight 15lbs. to 17lbs. Research Center: Artillery4664-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 232. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4664-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell,long pattern "common" (standard), narrow ring brass sabot, Parrott zinc watercap time fuze, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a narrow brass ring secured to the base with internal rabbets, referred to as "type III", more flexible than wrought iron and more narrow than the high band, this took the rifling much better than the earlier designs. Some of these shells were configured as case shot, (approx. 17.5lbs to 19lbs. with balls, short, 9.25in.), or as "common" (approx 15lbs. to 17lbs. without balls, long 10.25in.). This shell is a "common" shell, (standard), it does not contain balls, and with a percussion fuze it was designed to detonate after striking enemy cannon or equipment. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc watercap time fuze with brass watercap screwed inside, edge of the fuze hole is milled flat. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled, there will often be casting flaws near the base. Projectile measures: diameter 3.6in., length 10.25in. (excluding fuze), weight 15lbs. to 17lbs. Research Center: Artillery4665-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 232. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4665-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, short pattern "case shot", narrow ring brass sabot, Parrott time fuze with a flange, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a narrow brass ring secured to the base with internal rabbets, referred to as "type III", more flexible than wrought iron and more narrow than the high band, this took the rifling much better than the earlier designs. Some of these shells were configured as case shot, (approx. 17.5lbs to 19lbs. with balls, short, 9.25in.), or as "common" (approx 15lbs. to 17lbs. without balls, long 10.25in.). This shell is "case shot", explosive charge with lead balls, and with a time fuze was designed to detonate above the heads of troops in the open field. Fuze employed was a a Parrott zinc time fuze, typically the pattern with a long stem and flat top with a flange, an innovation to prevent gas leaks around the fuze causing premature detonations, Jones, Fuzes, pg. 77 upper right, edge of the fuze hole is milled flat. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled, there will often be casting flaws near the base. Projectile measures: diameter 3.6in., length 9.25in. (excluding fuze), weight 17.5lbs to 19lbs. Research Center: Artillery4666-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 231. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4666-Parrott.html. |
Rifled artillery projectile, Parrott design, Federal manufacture, bursting shell, short pattern "case shot", with lead balls packed in asphalt matrix, narrow ring brass sabot, Parrott time fuze with a flange, Parrott 20 pounder rifle, 3.67in. Projectile was manufactured in the Federal arsenals following the invention of Robert Parrott. The sabot system utilized was a narrow brass ring secured to the base with internal rabbets, referred to as "type III", more flexible than wrought iron and more narrow than the high band, this took the rifling much better than the earlier designs. Some of these shells were configured as case shot, (approx. 17.5lbs to 19lbs. with balls, short, 9.25in.), or as "common" (approx 15lbs. to 17lbs. without balls, long 10.25in.). This shell is "case shot", explosive charge with lead balls, and with a time fuze was designed to detonate above the heads of troops in the open field. The lead balls are rough cast around .69 cal, packed in black asphalt matrix near the top of the shell, powder packed in a long channel which expands near the bottom, on detonation the concentrated powder at the bottom was designed to burn the matrix and propel the balls and fragments forward. Fuze employed was a Parrott zinc time fuze, typically the pattern with a long stem and flat top with a flange, an innovation to prevent gas leaks around the fuze causing premature detonations, Jones, Fuzes, pg. 77 upper right, edge of the fuze hole is milled flat. Bottom of shell usually shows a casting sprue which was rough milled, there will often be casting flaws near the base. Projectile measures: diameter 3.6in., length 9.25in. (excluding fuze), weight 17.5lbs to 19lbs. Research Center: Artillery4667-Parrott, Ref: Dickey & George, Field Artillery (1993 Edition), pg. 231. Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4667-Parrott.html. |
More Parrott design, PAGE 3. Research Center: Artillery4600-Parrott , Details click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery4603-Parrott-Page3.html. |
Ridgeway Civil War Research Center, A virtual examination of artifacts of the American Civil War. Artillery Research center, artillery, click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery0000-Index.html. Research center, artillery, click: http://relicman.com/artillery/Artillery0000-Index.html. |
Civil War Relicman, Harry Ridgeway, Civil War artillery, Relicman sales catalog. Click here: http://relicman.com/artillery/RelicmanSalesArtillery1.html. Artillery for sale: http://relicman.com/artillery/RelicmanSalesArtillery1.html. |